Advaita vs. ISCKON vs. Jainism

FeatureISKCON (Achintya Bheda Abheda)Advaita VedantaJainism
Relationship with GodThe soul is simultaneously one with and different from God (Krishna), existing as a minute part of the Supreme Soul.The individual self (jiva) is ultimately non-different from the singular, universal Brahman.The soul is fundamentally and eternally separate from all other souls and from any supreme personal creator God.
IndividualityIndividuality and personality are eternal and retained even after liberation.Individuality is a result of illusion (maya); it merges into the impersonal Brahman upon liberation.Individuality and a distinct personal identity are eternally preserved, even in the state of liberation.
Ultimate Goal (Moksha)To attain liberation through eternal, loving devotional service (bhakti) to the personal form of Krishna.To achieve self-realization by realizing one's absolute identity with the impersonal Brahman.To achieve liberation by purifying the soul of all karma and attaining its inherent perfect, omniscient, and blissful state.
View of GodBelieves in a Supreme, Personal God (Krishna) who is the creator and controller of all existence.Believes in an impersonal, formless ultimate reality (Brahman) as the highest aspect of divinity.Rejects the concept of a creator God; recognizes liberated souls (Siddhas or Tirthankaras) as role models and objects of reverence, but not as controllers or bestowers of liberation.
Nature of the SoulAtomic in size; consciousness pervades the body; minute independence.Appears limited by the body due to maya, but essentially infinite and identical to Brahman.Pervades the entire body it inhabits; its natural state is infinite knowledge and bliss; size is determined by the body it occupies in the cycle of transmigration.
View of the SoulIndividual soul (jiva) is an eternal, minute spiritual part and parcel of the Supreme Soul (Krishna/Paramatma).The individual self (atma) is ultimately non-different from the singular, universal Brahman (ultimate reality). Individuality is an illusion (maya).The soul (jiva) is an eternal, independent, and conscious substance, distinct from matter (ajiva). There are infinite individual souls.
IndividualityEternal. Souls retain their unique personal identity and free will even after liberation.Temporary. Individuality is a result of illusion; it merges into the impersonal Brahman upon liberation.Eternal. Each soul is fundamentally an individual and retains its separate identity and personality even after liberation.
Relationship to God (Creator)The soul is qualitatively one with God but quantitatively minute and eternally distinct, meant for a loving, devotional relationship with the personal God (Krishna).The soul is God (Brahman); the realization of this non-difference is the ultimate truth. The concept of a personal God (Ishvara) is a lower reality for devotional purposes.Souls are not part of a single, universal soul or Brahman. There is no single creator God. Liberated souls (Siddhas) are considered "gods" in the sense of perfect beings, but they do not intervene in the universe or help others.
Nature of KarmaKarma is a subtle material law or force that binds the soul to the cycle of rebirth, managed by God (Krishna).Karma is a moral force or law, part of the illusory world (maya), overcome by true knowledge (jnana).Karma is a physical, subtle substance (a form of ajiva, or non-living matter) that attaches to the soul, obscuring its inherent purity and binding it to samsara.
Path to LiberationBhakti (devotional service) to Krishna, combined with knowledge (jnana) and detachment (vairagya). Divine grace is essential.Jnana (knowledge) of the identity of atman and Brahman through scriptures and self-inquiry. Action or devotion alone is insufficient for ultimate liberation.Strict ethical conduct (especially ahimsa, non-violence), asceticism (tapas), and the "Three Jewels" (right faith, knowledge, and conduct) to burn off karmic particles through self-effort alone. Divine grace is not required.
State of LiberationAttaining a spiritual body in the eternal spiritual world to serve Krishna in bliss.Realization of absolute identity with the formless, actionless, infinite Brahman (impersonal monism).The soul attains its pure, perfect state of infinite knowledge, perception, and bliss, residing eternally at the top of the universe in a bodiless state (Siddhashila).

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